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簡要描述:動(dòng)物步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)完整的定量評估鼠類模型中動(dòng)物腳步和步態(tài)的工具
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動(dòng)物步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)完整的定量評估鼠類模型中動(dòng)物腳步和步態(tài)的工具。步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)的核心部件是步行臺(tái),老鼠可以從步行臺(tái)的一端行走到另一端。該系統(tǒng)采用腳印光亮折射技術(shù),通過置于步行臺(tái)下方的高速攝像機(jī)捕獲真正的腳印。該技術(shù)還能夠探測到腳步壓力差異,這是動(dòng)物行走時(shí)體重在其四個(gè)腳爪上分布不同的結(jié)果。
動(dòng)物步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)為了獲得自然步態(tài),對動(dòng)物不采取任何強(qiáng)迫措施。由于行走速度是步態(tài)分析的一個(gè)重要參數(shù),因此該系統(tǒng)也能測定行走速度,并用于數(shù)據(jù)選擇和數(shù)據(jù)分析中。不像其他步態(tài)分析方法,該系統(tǒng)不需要任何外部標(biāo)記,也不需要修剪腳指甲及在腳爪上蘸取墨汁,更不需要明亮充足的光線。
腳印光亮折射技術(shù):
由發(fā)光二極管發(fā)出的光散射到玻璃板內(nèi),光線在玻璃板內(nèi)反射。只有當(dāng)動(dòng)物和玻璃板接觸時(shí),該區(qū)域內(nèi)的光線將朝反的方向折射。典型接觸區(qū)域是動(dòng)物腳爪,也可能是尾巴或身體的其他部位。高速攝像機(jī)(100 Hz) 置于玻璃板下方,捕獲這些光亮區(qū)域,并將信號發(fā)送到運(yùn)行動(dòng)物步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)中。步行臺(tái)頂端有一個(gè)頂蓋,它產(chǎn)生紅色背景,這樣可以使動(dòng)物軀體輪廓影印可視化。
足印自動(dòng)分類技術(shù):新版動(dòng)物步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)8.1增加了全新的足印自動(dòng)分類技術(shù),該技術(shù)的應(yīng)用使得系統(tǒng)能自動(dòng)地分類足跡為左前、左后、右前、右后。這個(gè)新的功能不僅快速可靠,而且節(jié)約研究人員的時(shí)間和精力。如果系統(tǒng)發(fā)現(xiàn)足跡不能識別,例如動(dòng)物將鼻子貼在地板上,系統(tǒng)會(huì)自動(dòng)提示手動(dòng)分配正確的標(biāo)簽或直接拋棄足跡。
主要應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域:
動(dòng)物步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)可用于評價(jià)神經(jīng)創(chuàng)傷、神經(jīng)性、神經(jīng)疾病、以及疼痛癥狀群的動(dòng)物模型。該系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用范圍包括:脊索損傷、神經(jīng)性疼痛、關(guān)節(jié)炎、中風(fēng)、帕金森病、運(yùn)動(dòng)失調(diào)、腦損傷、外周神經(jīng)損傷等疾病的研究。通過步態(tài)分析,了解神經(jīng)源性疾病發(fā)展過程、評價(jià)治療方法的效果和篩選治療藥物。例如:帕金森氏癥導(dǎo)致肢體動(dòng)作僵硬和協(xié)調(diào)性降低。步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)通過測量動(dòng)物模型中的腳間距離、擺動(dòng)時(shí)相、支撐方式和正常步序比等參數(shù)評估運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)性。
動(dòng)物步態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)的軟件可以處理視頻數(shù)據(jù)。依據(jù)每個(gè)腳步的尺寸、位置、移步動(dòng)態(tài)和壓力,計(jì)算很多參數(shù),用于定性和定量分析腳步和步態(tài)。
主要測試參數(shù):
空間參數(shù)
· 步距
· 跨步長度
· 步寬
· 坐骨神經(jīng)功能指數(shù)足印長度
· 步態(tài)角度
· 坐骨神經(jīng)功能指數(shù)中趾延展度
· 坐骨神經(jīng)功能指數(shù)腳趾延展度
時(shí)間參數(shù)
· 站立期時(shí)間長度
· 擺蕩期時(shí)間長度
· 雙足站立期長度
· 步行速度
關(guān)節(jié)參數(shù)
· 最初接觸(IC)
· 站立中間期(MST)
· 擺蕩前期(PS)
· 擺蕩中期(MSW)
參考文獻(xiàn):
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